How does the Walk-and-Turn test assess cognitive function?

The Walk-and-Turn test is designed to assess cognitive function by combining the need for physical balance with the ability to follow complex instructions. During this test, an individual must perform a series of tasks that require them to listen attentively to the directions given, process that information, and simultaneously maintain their balance while walking in a straight line and turning back.

This dual-task requirement tests several cognitive functions, including attention, information processing, and motor control. Individuals who are impaired, particularly by alcohol or drugs, will often struggle with these aspects, demonstrating difficulty in adhering to the instructions or maintaining balance throughout the walk. This makes the test a reliable indicator of cognitive impairment associated with intoxication.